No Pain, No Gain - Literature Essay Samples

One of Benjamin Franklin’s most memorable aphorisms in The Way to Wealth is the phrase â€Å"There are no gains, without pains† (2). This phrase has entered the American lexicon and become an established aphorism that represents the American work ethic and the larger ethos of the United States’ culture and economy. Immediately before this aphorism, Franklin, via Poor Richard, offers the suggestion that â€Å"He that lives upon hope will die fasting† (2). Here, Franklin points out that simply hoping for vitality in one’s life is not sufficient. In order to achieve success, one must be determined to accomplish the task in front of them and rely on their own merit instead of that of God’s or the state’s. Here, Franklin advocates for a sort of individual self-determination that will become the bedrock of American thought for years to come. Franklin’s larger argument is for self-determination and independence. Franklin was vehemently opposed to continued British rule from the opposite side of the Atlantic. He was of the opinion that Americans were ready to assert rule over themselves. Immediately after this famous aphorism, Poor Richard, via Franklin, states that, â€Å"Help hands, for I have no lands, or if I have, they are smartly taxed† (2). Franklin strongly asserts that one of the most important aspects of self-governance is taxation with representation. The British imposition of taxes without representation at Parliament at Westminster was a paramount issue for Franklin. Indeed, Franklin asserts that the American people have the workmanship and ability to construct their own state, but they simply do not have even a semblance of authority over their own lands. Franklin is offering this advice in order to convince the American people that they need not be dependent on the British state. He writes that, â€Å"He that hath a trade hath an estate, and that hath a calling hath an office of profit and honor† (2). The British governed largely on a system based on hereditary right over land that seemed arbitrary to many of the freethinking Americans. In Franklin’s terms, the men who owned land necessarily had a stake in the long-term vitality and daily operations of the state. Therefore, there needed to be more representation in government than the established British system allowed. However, Franklin asserted that it was industriousness and self-determination, not simply the ownership of land, that necessitated American autonomy. Unlike the British system, it was not sufficient to simply inherit land, one had to earn it through merit and by example across one’s own life. Franklin’s mission is not entirely secular. While the focus of Poor Richard’s aphorism is self-determination, without relying on other external forces, there is still space for the inclusion, albeit a brief mention, of God. Poor Richard states that â€Å"God helps them that help themselves† (!). This phrase can be interpreted in a few different ways. On one hand, Franklin could be spurning God by using irony to convey the idea that God really has little engagement with the financial ventures of everyday people. However, on the other hand, Franklin could also be inferring that self-determined entrepreneurs manifest the American spirit of self-reliance and independence that the Puritans first established in their covenant with God in the New World. In either case, Poor Richard advises the everyday man to rely on his own abilities and actions instead of hoping for God’s blessing and intervention. Franklin also ties his notion of self-reliance to the vitality of both the individual body and the government. In some ways, maintenance of personal health and of the government and society at large are comparable. Franklin writes that, â€Å"It would be thought a hard government that should tax its people one tenth part of the time, to be employed in its service. But idleness taxes many of us much more† (1). The perception of unfair taxation greatly influenced the American colonies to separate from the British and seek independence. Taxation without representation and unfair governance was a major qualm for revolutionaries. However, Franklin argues that sloth is perhaps worse. He states that, â€Å"Sloth, by bringing on diseases, absolutely shortens life† (1). While taxation can potentially have a negative impact on the function of government and society, sloth necessarily reduces personal health and prevents the individual from achievement. In this sense, the limitati ons of sloth reflect the stringency of unfair taxation in the eyes of Franklin. Franklin highlights the importance of time to self-determination and industry. He advises that if, â€Å"Dost thou love life, then do not squander time, for that’s the stuff life is made of† (1). Franklin’s aphorism here is that time is the essence of life. In order to validate one’s life one must make use of his time wisely and prudently. One must work hard in order to substantiate his existence. As Poor Richard, Franklin states that, â€Å"If time be of all things the most precious, wasting time must be, as Poor Richard says, the greatest prodigality† (1). Franklin is highly critical of sloth in addition to his praises of hard work through the ‘no pains, no gains’ mentality. Franklin sees sloth and industry as opposites. He writes that, â€Å"Sloth makes all things difficult, but industry all easy† (2). Franklin’s maxim is that everyday people can accomplish great things when they work hard and put their skills to use. T his principle governed the American Revolution and Franklin’s conviction in constructing a new democratic society. The establishment of an American work ethic is a priority for Franklin. One must develop a new society piecemeal. In order to create a new nation truly independent from the financial whims of overseas powerbrokers, domestic industry must be successfully established. Franklin advises, â€Å"Drive thy business, let not that drive thee† (2). While temporal and fiscal concerns are always important and should be taken into account, the effective entrepreneur takes business matters into his own hands. These principles should be adhered to throughout many aspects of one’s life. For example, Poor Richard proclaims that, â€Å"Early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise† (2). Personal health, prosperity, and intellectual achievement are all tied together for Franklin. Like the establishment of a new democratic state, the individual man must achieve all three virtues. Franklin is hopeful about the American vision. He states that, â€Å"At the working man’s house hunger looks in, but dares not enter† (2). Franklin is offering advice to the average American who is struggling against the British imperial power. Here, Franklin is offering a bright and positive analysis of the struggles of everyday life in the colonies, and he suggests that the industry and spirit of the American people will eventually triumph over British hegemony. In essence, Franklin is arguing that sacrifices will have to be made in order to accomplish the goal of establishing a strong state. In his aphorism of, â€Å"There are no gains, without pains† (2), Franklin asserts that the people of America must suffer first in order to secure the necessary industry and resources to sustain success. There is no irony in this phrase, and Franklin is straightforward in his analysis of this issue. This is similar to the rest of the text in terms of its relevance to the o pposition cause. It is good advice, as it advocates for the self-determination of every man. Personally, Franklin persuaded me by this aphorism. The rhythmic quality to the aphorism adds a strong tone to the phrase that makes it especially appealing. The context is also well established within a number of other Poor Richard aphorisms. The overall thesis, that American businessmen must forward their own agenda, reverberates through the modern era.

Gender, Racial, Level Of Education, Location And...

Inequality, specifically income inequality is all over the world and affects the most disadvantaged people. This paper will argue that gender, level of education, location and Aboriginal identity are the causes of the income inequality that exists among Aboriginal men and women in Canada. Gender is a big factor in income inequality, because the hierarchy that is subliminally created in society plays a big role in â€Å"Aboriginal/non-Aboriginal relations† (Gerber 122). Education is also a main issue because they cannot make enough money with the high level of education they possess (McDonald and Wilson 3). Knowing this, Aboriginal identity relates to gender and education because certain Aboriginal groups are affected more than the other. Lastly, location affects income because if there are no good jobs around a certain geographical area, then the income an individual earns will be lower. The theoretical lens that I will use to analyze this social problem is an Intersectional l ens, because it will demonstrate how these factors are interconnected on many levels and that these cannot be examined by itself. Income inequality in itself is an important issue because we live in a world where so many opportunities are available and it is a shame that individuals who work just as hard do not receive the same rewards. I believe that income inequality is ignored in western society, and is especially ignored in the case of Aboriginal women. Analyzing income inequality among AboriginalShow MoreRelatedRace From A Historical Perspective Within The Context Of Australia1733 Words   |  7 Pagesanalyse the way this issue is being protected by relevant policies, probed by the media and spectators and monitored by both relevant policy documents and society in sport and in our generation today. During the early years of Australian sports, racial abuse was seen as legitimate and normal in sport and was simply put as being a part of playing the game (Human Rights, 2007). Fortunately since then, attitudes and society has been consistently changing in the way race and skin colour is seen in sportRead MoreDefining Diversity: the Evolution of Diversity1435 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION: WHAT IS DIVERSITY? The concept of diversity encompasses acceptance and respect. It means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences. These can be along the dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical ability, religious beliefs, political beliefs, or other ideologies. It is the exploration of these differences in a safe, positive, and nurturing environment. It is about understanding eachRead MoreSocial Determinants of Health10939 Words   |  44 Pages3 The Social, Cultural and Historical Context of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians PatDudgeon,MichaelWright,YinParadies, DarrenGarveyandIainWalker OVERVIEW To understand the contemporary life of Indigenous Australians, a historical and cultural background is essential. This chapter sets the context for further discussions about Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and issues related to their social and emotional wellbeing and mental health. The historyRead MoreThe Health And Cultural Safety Of Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Peoples3371 Words   |  14 Pageshealth cultural safety of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples. Briefly discuss this impact for each of the 5 issues. Colonisation: One of the most immediate impacts on the health of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people was Diseases. Diseases brought over by the British quickly spread throughout the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander tribes. The Indigenous peoples did not have immunity to these European diseases and the populations of Aboriginal and Torres Strait IslanderRead MoreIntroduction Globalisation is evident in our everyday living, and is inescapable; as it portrays2600 Words   |  11 Pagesdifferent parts of the world through common processes of economic, environmental, political and cultural change’. This complex global system can be incorporated, embraced or rejected by a local culture. However, throughout humanity’s existence, unique locations, beliefs, values and way of living are disturbed by the proliferation of change from other customs. Physical, social and cultural elements are reshaped which can result in a sense of detachment and loss of place and culture. The process of globalisationRead MoreGlobalization and Cultural Identity4496 Words   |  18 PagesTGT2eC23 19/03/2003 10:40 AM Page 269 23 Globalization and Cultural Identity John Tomlinson It is fair to say that the impact of globalization in the cultural sphere has, most generally, been viewed in a pessimistic light. Typically, it has been associated with the destruction of cultural identities, victims of the accelerating encroachment of a homogenized, westernized, consumer culture. This view, the constituency for which extends from (some) academics to anti-globalization activistsRead MoreGender Marginalization5547 Words   |  23 PagesUNIT 3 Structure 3.1 Introduction MARGINALIZATION 3.2 The Meaning and Nature of Marginalization 3.3 The Types of Marginalization 3.4 The Causes of Marginalization 3.5 The Levels of Marginalization 3.6 Marginalized Groups 3.7 Let Us Sum Up 3.8 References and Selectedaeadings 3.9 Check Your Progress - Possible Answers 3.1 INTRODUCTION Marginality is an experience that affects millions of people throughout the world. People who are marginalized have relatively little control over their lives, andRead MoreReflect Cultural Awareness in Work Practice11472 Words   |  46 Pagesthere are also lots of ways in which people within one culture differ. Their differences may occur due to when they (or their ancestors) arrived in Australia, how long they have been living in Australia, their socio-economic background, their level of education, whether they live in a rural or urban area, the religion they identify with, and their different life experiences, which includes the experience of migration. If we are to develop our cultural awareness, where do we begin? An understandingRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesINTRODUCTION †¢ 3 ethnic minorities, and gays—made strides that were perhaps greater than all of those achieved in previous history combined. During the same time span, however, state tyranny and brutal oppression reached once unimaginable levels—in large part due to the refinement or introduction of new technologies of repression and surveillance and modes of mass organization and control. Breakthroughs in the sciences that greatly enhanced our understandings of the natural world and madeRead MoreBp Sustainability Essay28986 Words   |  116 Pagesmore valuable and more sustainable company 6 Gulf of Mexico oil spill The Deepwater Horizon accident, our response and our environmental and socio-economic commitments in the region 14 How we operate Governance from board to operational level; our values and code of conduct; human rights; and stakeholder engagement Energy future Meeting the demand for secure, affordable energy that enables economies to prosper and grow – while avoiding climate change 30 Safety A systematic approach

Review Of The Better Angels Of Our Nature By Steven...

INTP 371 - Short Essay Sally Togher | 15 April 2017 | Question 2 —————————- Evaluate and critique the different arguments for the decline in warfare since 1990. In the last decade, discussion of â€Å"the decline of war† has dramatically escalated. This essay evaluates and critiques three major arguments for the decline in warfare since 1990, examining the human nature approach of Steven Pinker, the shorter-term factors proposed by John Mueller and the alternative â€Å"New Wars† theory championed by Mary Kaldor. In combination, these approaches provide a general summary of the major strains of â€Å"declinist† literature and demonstrate the challenges of assessing the changing political violence and armed conflict after the Cold War. In â€Å"The Better†¦show more content†¦John Mueller makes a claim even bolder than a decline in war, arguing that war has ceased, or nearly ceased, to exist. He argues that the general decline in inter-state war lies in the changing attitudes towards war. Mueller contends that up until the early 20th century, war was seen in a positive light, but European attitudes changed â€Å"profoundly† after WWI, and that shift of opinion was â€Å"dramatically reinforced† by WWII. Mueller explains the particular fall in civil wars in the 1990s as a result of improvements in governance and policing in developing countries. Thus these factors in combination explain the recent decline in all wars. Mueller rejects other alternative arguments for the decline of war, including economic interdependence and institutional incentives, on the basis of causality and questionable impact. Critics of his theories point out that the traditional â€Å"war† conception they are ba sed on excludes any non-state warfare with under 1000 deaths, and thus explanations of the recent decline do not account for major instances of political violence such as the Rwandan Genocide. However, Mueller refutes these critiques with the view that such political violence is merely opportunistic thugs who are the ‘residual combatants’. Thus, Mueller’s claim that war has â€Å"ceased to exist† is qualified, particularly in light of political changes after the cold war. Comparatively, Mary Kaldor attempts to address the methodological issues of

Adult Education Throughout Changing Times By Marion Bowl

Main Message This book of Adult Education in Changing Times by Marion Bowl explores the wider international portrait of adult education which is the findings of the research was relied fundamentally in two countries - England and Aotearoa New Zealand. It conveys how the structure of adult education has been impacted by local contexts and beliefs as well as global trends of neoliberalism. The book encapsulates the changing of the philosophies, policies and career within the domain of adult education over the past 40 years in England as well as in New Zealand. The new economic policies or neoliberalism discourses have been impacted on adult educators whether in their principles, work, or either career expectations. It also explores how this implication on adult education and lifelong learning can be used to inform the practice of adult education and training as well as to figure out its policy in the future. The changes in viewpoint, strategy and practice raised the new realities of adult education practice in the current economic and political environment. The research-based account that has been conducted through this book proves that the funding and policy pressures have created insecure climate which is hugely affecting the perspective of the adult educator on how their belief and future expectation career. Thus, the book informs how adult educator as an agent of social change could be able survive and firm on their principle and beliefs within an age whereShow MoreRelatedCase Study for Management Accounting36918 Words   |  148 Pagesdiscusses customer profitability analysis. ECN.W, by William Lawler, discusses ABC in a service organization. Endesa, by Gary M. Cunningham, Scott Ericksen, Francisco J. Lopez Lubian and Antonio Pareja, discusses strategy and control issues in a changing organization. Kincaid Manufacturing, by Jon Yarusso and Ram Ramanan, discusses supply chain management. Osram.NA, by John Shank, Lawrence Carr, and William Lawler, discusses economic value to customer and related life cycle costing issues. PleasantRead MoreCase Study for Management Accounting36912 Words   |  148 Pagesdiscusses customer profitability analysis. ECN.W, by William Lawler, discusses ABC in a service organization. Endesa, by Gary M. Cunningham, Scott Ericksen, Francisco J. Lopez Lubian and Antonio Pareja, discusses strategy and control issues in a changing organization. Kincaid Manufacturing, by Jon Yarusso and Ram Ramanan, discusses supply chain management. Osram.NA, by John Shank, Lawrence Carr, and William Lawler, discusses economic value to customer and related life cycle costing issues. PleasantRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesDesigner: Studio Montage, St. Louis, Missouri Cover Images: Top to bottom,  © Mark Downey/Getty Images; Jacobs Stock Photography/Getty Images;  © Goodshoot/PunchStock Media Project Manager: Balaji Sundararaman Compositor: Aptara ®, Inc. Typeface: 10/12 Times Roman Printer: Quad/Graphics Al l credits appearing on page or at the end of the book are considered to be an extension of the copyright page. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Luthans, Fred. International management : culture, strategyRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesCoral Graphics Text Font: 10/12 Weidemann-Book Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2011, 2007, 2005, 2002, 1998 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisherRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagescase can be made for viewing the decades of the global scramble for colonies after 1870 as a predictable culmination of the long nineteenth century, which was ushered in by the industrial and political revolutions of the late 1700s. But at the same time, without serious attention to the processes and misguided policies that led to decades of agrarian and industrial depression from the late 1860s to the 1890s, as well as the social tensions and political rivalries that generated and were in turnRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesPearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc

Journal of Love Essay - 6291 Words

Journal of Love *If youve been hurt in the past by people dont assume that you will always be hurt, open your heart to someone who you can trust and you will find true love, dont deny yourself of that feeling* *You dont come across that many people that give you butterflies, you just dont* If two past lovers remain friends, they are either still in love, or never were. You always overlook the little things in a relationship. Its the times when you wake at 4am and smell his cologne when you know you have made a mistake. Isnt it funny how you can think youre completely over someone, but if you drive past his house, stumble upon a meaningful song you both shared, or even catch a glance of him on the street, just in†¦show more content†¦we talked like we used to, we called every night, we hung out like it was no big deal when we really knew it meant everything. And for that certain time, it was like nothing had changed. It was just like it should be. But as I look back on the memories, I realize that we have changed, in great ways. And I guess thats not so bad, because having that change is what makes these times so incredible. My first love? I guess you could call it that. Its not like Im an expert on what love is and isnt. After all, Im only 16. Yeah, maybe my first love, what else do you call someone youve shared almost every deep down secret with, talked to for hours every day, given your heart to, trusted, believed in, got flutters in your heart just thinking about them, thought about day after day, hour after hour, minute after minute, forgiven even after they so utterly wronged you and caused an internal pain you never knew you were capable of feeling, and still loved unconditionally? Yeah, I guess first love pretty much sums it up. Either that or obsession. Real love stories never have endings *Frustrated cause I cant tell if its real.Mad cause i dont know how you feel. Upset cause we cant make it right.Sad cause i need you day night.Angry cause you wont take my hand. Agrivated cuz you dont understand.Dissappointed cuz we cant be 2 gether.But i still love you now andShow MoreRelatedPersonal Journal And Love Writing Poetry1161 Words   |  5 PagesAt the start of this English 1A course I ran into a few struggling problems. The first was I hadn’t written much since high school, though I do try to keep a personal journal and love writing poetry. Between having to go to work taking care of a dog maintaining a social life and attending school writing quickly became an old pastime. So, upon being told to freewrite the first day of class I froze, not remembering how to write, though I am someone who usually has plenty to say. Once I got startedRead MoreWhy I Am Addicted With How You Should Write It?893 Words   |  4 PagesThere is no limiting in how you should write it, what you can write it or when you should write it. Writing is freedom. It could be about the beauty, the nature, your passion, your past love, or anything. Writing has no barriers, it is limitless. When you try to write, you are paralyzed. That is because you are in your own thought, your own world. As you begin that thought process you are out of this planet. You will see stars, galaxies, dust clouds, shining lights everywhere.. even a dangerousRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book West 10th And Poetry 1365 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Contemporary Poetry: Journal critique essay West 10th and Poetry Magazines The importance of poetry in a college student’s life cannot be overemphasized. From ensuring that one is conversant with contemporary social and economic issues as well as generally having a large knowledge base on different subject topics. Poetry is important for the enrichment of the soul and the nourishment of the mind. It also helps us step back and look at things from different perspectives. Like any otherRead MoreShort Story : Beautiful Disaster By Jamie Mcguire1344 Words   |  6 PagesBook 1: Beautiful Disaster by Jamie McGuire Journal Response 1: â€Å"Everything in the room screamed that i didn’t belong† Pg 1 (Personification) Everybody feels this way at some point in their life. The feeling that you don’t fit in at a certain setting. This quote is telling us that Abby, the female protagonist, doesn’t feel safe in this environment. We can tell this by the author’s use of the word â€Å"screamed†. When a person is screamed at the response to that is usually fear or rage. Also we canRead MoreComparing Two Men And Women1281 Words   |  6 Pagesback of his bike. He can open and close them without making a tear and he can read and even write on letters and no one will ever know. One day Puck gets really bored and as mischievous as he is; what is the worst that can happen? â€Æ' DAY 1 PUCKS JOURNAL ANOTHER DAY AT THE JOB 1/9/2014 I did another mail run today and everyone is still not talking to each other. It’s not fun anymore, there’s no action, no excitement. I remember that time when Demetrius figured out that Lysander had a crush onRead MoreHow Can You Reinvent Yourself?1589 Words   |  7 Pageson a deeper level. Journaling can be used to rid yourself of anger and hostility. We can write an angry letter to someone we d really like to tell off and rid ourselves of those angry feelings. Then we can leave that anger behind us. Over time a journal can give us a picture of where we have been, where we are now, and where we want to be in the future. It can help us identify goals and track our progress as we complete those goals. Journaling has even been used as a self-therapy too and allows usRead MoreThe Core Concepts Of God878 Words   |  4 Pagesconsider the purest form of God to be love, I agree with the quote. In this essay I will discuss how I consider two of the core concepts of God and relate them to my development. I will show, using journal entries, how I have developed over the last two years at Vision College, and how this s elf-development has been a surprising and painful journey. I will show my plans for ongoing development, travelling from self-discovery to self-acceptance to self-love. The first concept to discuss is forgivenessRead MoreThe Core Concepts Of God1027 Words   |  5 Pagesconsider the purest form of God to be love, I agree with the quote. In this essay I will discuss how I consider two of the core concepts of God and relate them to my development. I will show how I have developed over the last two years at Vision College, and how this self-development has been a surprising and painful journey, using journal entries. I will also show my plans for on-going development. I have moved from self-discovery to self-acceptance to self-love in many areas with many more discoveriesRead MoreTen Journaling Topics For Self Discovery1669 Words   |  7 Pageson a deeper level. Journaling can be used to rid yourself of anger and hostility. We can write an angry letter to someone we d really like to tell off and rid ourselves of those angry feelings. Then we can leave that anger behind us. Over time a journal can give us a picture of where we have been, where we are now, and where we want to be in the future. It can help us identify goals and track our progress as we complete those goals. Journaling has even been used as a self-therapy too and allows usRead MoreThe Heresy Of White Christianity893 Words   |  4 Pagesincludes history, as well as a deep understanding. This should rid of any misunderstanding of the term. Edwards, Korie L. 2008. â€Å"Bring Race To the Center: The Importance of Race in Racially Diverse Religious Organizations.† Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 47(1):5–9. Retrieved 2015. The article explains the importance of understanding race. Racial diversity is spreading in numerous organizations, including religion. The author states that

Mcdonalds Strategic Management Globalization Strategy free essay sample

Localization strategy of McDonalds McDonald is using localization strategy in term of choose to localize the language that they use to sell the items especially burger and tries to localize the food itself, localization is absolutely necessary to attract customers across nations. One of the examples is McDonald’s localization of its food menu. u. Even though the menu is to a certain degree standardized all over the world, but some of items are unique to each country and that taste also localize of the local market. The burger that prepared by McDonald’s well known in all over world. In Japan customer can order a â€Å"koroke† burger that which contains katsu sauce, cabbage and mashed potato. In Hong Kong, customers can find a burger that is served between rice cakes not in sesame seed buns. In Malaysia, McDonald customers have much choice such beef burger, chicken burger and fish burger. We will write a custom essay sample on Mcdonalds Strategic Management Globalization Strategy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page McDonald provided chicken. Some of religious group do not prefer to take beef so McDonald provided chicken and fish burger for them. More than that, McDonald in Malaysia do not provide pig meat burger because majority of Malaysia don’t not take pork and would also be upsetting for religious. In India the type of burger totally different from other country because eating beef is against to religious rules. McDonalds brand is strongly associated with hamburgers, but McDonald open vegetarian restaurants that provide vegetarian burgers. International strategy In the India market McDonalds accepted the international strategy over franchising to push their main competencies and to customize their goods and service according to the demand of local customers. This way the business be sure of on local subsidiaries in India to follow the rules and regulations of running McDonalds and make sure the goods and service must be standardizing. McDonald to complete standardization within an international scale is difficult because of Indian market is more traditionally diverse. McDonalds standardizes as much as can to make less costs, but they are conscious of cultural differences and have to accepted the perception of think global, act local (Hill, 2009). The subsidiaries provided by international strategy with some freedom, but the main controls belong to with managers at the center of operations in America. The subsidiaries provided by international strategy with some freedom, but the main controls belong to with managers at the center of operations in America. The Indian subsidiaries are approved the power to plan, make and market innovative products that directly respond to the local customers preferences According to Hindu population cow is worshipped so McDonald’s does not use beef to prepare burger. In India McDonalds fully removed beef for pork for Muslims customers. As a replacement for of the ever-popular Big Macs set up in the west, McDonalds in India serves â€Å"Maharaja Macs â€Å" that contain mutton and some vegetarian rice pies. McDonalds is required to change and adapt their goods and service to local customer demand because the India customers have different favorites due to traditional and religious differences. More than that, in foreign countries there have local food for consumer while McDonalds is among one of the traditionally American fast food. McDonalds able to maintain the local tastes on condition that it focuses on its main competency of fast food. In Europe, from fast foot roots McDonalds unfortunately straying. In strength to compete like Starbucks, McDonald’s is turn-off the restaurant space extra upscale and easy, while offering in good health and more locally tasty foods. McDonalds also offering rental iPods and Wi-Fi available for customers. However, this strategy not only reduces the product fair play by get used to local tastes, but also changes McDonalds even additional away from its main competitors of fast food

Psychologist Theories free essay sample

Even though nature and nurture influence human behavior, nature and nurture work together equally in the development of human behavior because both genetics and environmental influences affect the outcome of a persons behavior and/or personality, while neither of the two traits can single-handedly determine ones behavior and/or personality. The question that has been pondered upon for many decades is which of the two (nature or nurture) are more influential? To illustrate: In looking for the causes of individual differences in intelligence, a major issue is the relative contribution of genetics and environment. 100% Genetics(Nature)90% Gen. 80% Gen. 70% Gen. 60% Gen. 50-5060% Env. 70% Env. 80% Env. 90% Env. 100% Environ. (Nurture) Rate the extent to which you believe nature and nature influence (cause) human intelligence. (Ridley, 1999) There is a question as to how nature and nurture influence behavior. All throughout history psychologists have been trying to figure out which of the two, nature or nurture, influence the development of human behavior and/or personality more and because of this particular question psychologists began to do intensive research. They did this by studying each of the two theories separately. One psychologist, Plato, campaigned nature while the other, Aristotle, campaigned nurture. The studies began with nature. Nature is defined as the heredity or biological make-up that influences the outcome of ones behavior and/or personality. Nature can also be defined as an individuals innate qualities. Some psychologists, like Plato, suggest that humans start out in life with some amount of knowledge. Nature provides us with abilities and traits like eye and hair color, skin color, and intelligence that is determined by certain genes that are embedded in each cell in the human body. Again, many psychologists, like Plato, believe that genetics ultimately take credit for the resulting human behavior. On the other hand nurture is Nature v. Nurture 3 defined as the environmental factors that influence the outcome of ones behavior and/or personality. Nurture can also be defined as ones personal experiences. Some psychologists, such as Aristotle, suggest that humans start out in life without any knowledge, but knowledge is gained through life experiences. These psychologists believe how a child or person is raised strongly influences human behavior. Many psychologists, like Aristotle, believe that human behavior and/or personality is a product of the environment. While each child is born with his or her own distinct genetic potential for physical, social, emotional and cognitive development, the possibilities for reaching that potential remain tied to early life experiences and the parent-child relationship within the family. (Weissbourd, Bernice; Grimm, Carol). To illustrate so statistics have been provided thanks to a researcher named Ridley (1999): â€Å"Concordance rates of IQ scores  ·Evidence from family studies provides the main supporting evidence from which arguments about the relative roles of genetics and environment are constructed. A large number of the study of twins rea red apart was undertaken by Thomas Bouchard of the University of Minnesota starting in 1979. He â€Å"collected† pairs of separated twins from all over the world and reunited them while testing their personalities and IQs. Other studies at he same time concentrated on comparing the IQs of adopted people with those of their adopted parents and their biological parents or their siblings. Put all these studies together, which include the IQ tests of tens of thousands of individuals, and the table looks like this: Same person tested twice 87%  ·Identical twins reared together 86%  ·Identical twins reared apart 76%  ·Fraternal twins reared together 55%  ·Biological siblings reared together 47% (studies show that reared apart about 24%)  ·Parents and children living together 40%  ·Parents and children living apart 31%  ·Adopted children living together 0% Nature v. Nurture 4  ·Unrelated people living apart 0% â€Å". Ridley, 1999, p. 83 [The number is a percentage correlation . Attach section from Ridley’s book There are many factors for both nature and nurture that contribute to the development of human behavior. It has been believed that family history, genotypes, and/or heritability as far as health is concerned (which can all be affected by genes) can predestine human behavior. A genotype can be defined as an individuals genetic inheritance and heritability can be defined as the extent to which variability in a characteristic within a group can be attributed to heredity. Genes have a direct connection to physical development. The question is how much of a influence do health problems, which are credited to nature, have on the development of human behavior? Additionally, physiological factors like neurotransmitters, brain structures, and hormones are influenced by genes. On the other hand do life experiences or environmental factors ultimately decide the outcome of human development? There are some theorists that believe environmental factors alone predestine human behavior. These theorists use the phenotype to support their claim. he phenotype can be defined as the overt expression of a individuals genetic inheritance, which may also show the influence of the environment. In fact, nurtures influences stem from factors such as: extended families and peer(s) experiences, parental, prenatal, socio-economic status, media, and marketing. So how much of an influence do environmental factors have on human behavior? A child is born with the potential abilit y to learn Chinese or Swahili, play a kazoo, climb a tree, make a strudel or a birdhouse, take pleasure in finding the coordinates of a star. Genetic inheritance determines a child’s abilities and weaknesses. But those who raise a child call forth from that matrix the traits and talents they consider important. (Buchwald, Emilie). Children missing their fathers tend to focus more on the medias preconception of the male role instead the being exposed the nurturing potential that the role may convey. (Gordon, 2004). To illustrate: Correlation of child-parent verbal ability scores. Nature v. Nurture 5 This graph shows correlations between children and their parents and adopted children and their biological and adoptive parents on verbal ability scores. Heritability intelligence It must be noted, however, that heritability is not pure genetic influence as the pre and postnatal environments must be taken into account. Heritability estimates based on comparing correlations between IQs of monozygotic (identical) twins reared together with IQs of dizygotic (fraternal) twins and siblings are likely to overestimate the genetic component because monozygotic twins share more similar environments both in the womb and out Nature v. Nurture 6  ·twins reared apart are not assigned at random to foster or adoptive parents since homes are selected purposely to with regard to characteristics of he child and characteristics of the family. This would partially account for the IQ correlations attributed to inheritance  ·twin studies may not be generalizable to the population at large as twins are more susceptible to prenatal trauma leading to retardation. The inclusion of retarded cases may increase the twin correlation in intelligence test scores. heritability indexes r efer to the population on which they were found at the time and is not applicable to an analysis of test performance between two population groups e. . ethnic groups.  ·heritability does not indicate the degree to which a trait can be modified e. g. even if the heritability of a trait, like intelligence were found to be 100% it wouldn’t mean it couldnt be modified. (Anastasi Urbina, 1997). After reviewing the pervious information common sense directs attention to the facts that indeed nature and nurture must co-exist and work together in the existence of human behavior. Because of these facts psychologists have begun to study behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics can be defined as the study of the effects of heredity and life experiences on behavior. Nature alone cannot determine the outcome of human behavior and/or personality. Studies have proven that genetics alone do not determine or predestine health problems and that environmental factors play a role in the prevention or lack of prevention towards health problems or issues. And it is proven that nature exist because babies are born with the ability to express or communicate ( in their own way and language) that they want something or that something is wrong. This supports the theory, that Plato campaigned, there must be some amount of knowledge present at birth that provides proof of natures existence. In the same way, nurture alone cannot determine the outcome of human behavior. Environmental factors alone cannot sustain human behavior. It is a proven fact that not only environmental factors and/or life experiences contribute to the amount of knowledge gained in human behavior. Such as the baby from birth that is equipped with some amount knowledge, the baby must also so learn during its life span. Life experiences such as: trails and tribulations, parenting styles, living arrangements only work along with the nature factors provided. Nature, we are starting to realize, is every bit as important as nurture. Genetic influences, brain chemistry, and neurological development contribute strongly to who we are as children and what we become as adults. For example, Nature v. Nurture 7 tendencies to excessive worrying or timidity, leadership qualities, risk taking, obedience to authority, all appear to have a constitutional aspect. (Turecki, Stanley). In the same way, The theory, also called interactionism or dynamic developmentalism, suggests that traits are caused by a cascade of various factors, starting with DNA and going through various micro- and macroenvironmental signals or conditions that affect the final form of the trait. (Henderson, 2001, para. 1). For instance: Pendulum of opinion on Nature vs. Nurture through history The zeitgeist (the intellectual and culture flavor of a time and place) has swung back and forth over time with regard to the amount of influence that nature vs. nature has on human intelligence. Ridley (1999, p. 77) In conclusion, Genes and family may determine the foundation of the house, but time and place determine its form. (Kagan, Jerome). Nature and nurture must work together in the determination of human behavior. Thus, Science News (2003) reiterates that both nature and nurture play an equal role in the development of human behavior. To conclude, The route through childhood is shaped by many forces, and it differs for each of us. Our biological inheritance, the temperament with which we are born, the care we receive, our family Nature v. Nurture 8 elationships, the place where we grow up, the schools we attend, the culture in which we participate, and the historical period in which we live all these affect the paths we take through childhood and condition the remainder of our lives. (Wozniak, Robert H. ). Even though nature and nurture influence human behavior, nature and nurture work together equally in the development of human behavior because both genetics and environmental influences affect the outcome of a persons behavior and/or personality, while neither of the two traits can single- handedly determine ones behavior and/or personality.